2023年全国中考“统计与概率”情境类试题的统计分析

The statistical analysis of situational questions in the 2023 national middle school entrance examination in “Statistics and Probability”

摘要: 以2023年全国14个省份35道中考数学"统计与概率"试题为研究样本.首先,统计了试题类型、数量和分值,并按PISA 2022数学四类情境框架划分维度对试题进行了分类统计,对分类后的四类情境试题从知识点考查分布和情境素材来源方面进行了梳理统计;其次,每类情境维度下各选取一道"统计与概率"典型真题进行详细情境解析;最后,对情境类试题命制特点与不足进行了分析,并对未来的命题提出了一些建议.

Abstract: This study is based on 35 middle school mathematics " Statistics and Probability" exam questions from 14 provinces across China in 2023. First, the types, quantities, and scores of the test questions were statistically analyzed, and the questions were classified according to the four mathematical scenario frameworks of PISA 2022. The distribution of knowledge points and the sources of scenario materials for the classified four types of scenario questions were then organized and summarized. Secondly, one typical real question on " Statistics and Probability" was selected from each scenario dimension for detailed scenario analysis. Finally, the characteristics and deficiencies of scenario-based questions were analyzed, and some suggestions for future test development were proposed.