Abstract: Innovation is one of the top ten core concepts highlighted in the “Compulsory Education Mathematics Curriculum Standards(Edition 2011)”. To cultivate the innovation consciousness in students has become a basic task in mathematics education. The cultivation of students' innovation consciousness in primary school mathematics teaching should abide by the principles of knowledge, questioning subjectivity, democracy and seeking difference, and it can adopt the following strategies: the cultivation of the knowledge growing point, the breeding of innovation consciousness; the encouraging of the students' questioning habit to germinate innovation consciousness; the advocating of conjecture verification to inspire innovative thinking; the keeping on independent thinking to cultivate the innovative sense; the development of divergent thinking to reinforce innovation consciousness