Abstract: Take Sichuan as an example, a status quo research is made into the aging population in Sichuan by analyzing all kinds of cencus statistics and data from demographic yearbooks. The finding shows that the population of Sichuan is characterized by an oversized aging population, high ratio, excessively rapid growth and an uneven development between the cities and the rural areas, incomplete and inefficient policy system for the aged and inadequate systematic guarantee, which has resulted in the following consequences: the aging population retards the rapid growth of social production, disturbs the balance of allocation, and disrupts the structure of consumption market. And the counter measures are as follows: the adjustment of child-bearing policy so as to relieve the aging pressure; the exploration of elastic retirement; the establishment of gradient pension insurance policy; the establishment of a multi-level, multi-dimension old-age insurance system through joint efforts made by family and society; the advocation of active aging so as to expand the consumption market for the old.