Abstract: The social ideological trends are an important factor influencing historical paradigms. The current two research paradigms of modern Chinese history have been influenced by the relevant social ideological trends. And to a large extent, they are used to describe and study history with later generations’ theories and values. Because of this, the striking achievements in historical study will inevitably have some limitations. Only when we take us as people concerned and then study history can we possibly approach to the real historical fact. According to this standard, we can find the core subject of modern Chinese history was to hunger for a wealthy and powerful country.