Abstract: The study of relevance between modern Chinese education and literature has become a hot topic in the academic research. However, such kind of study is still confined to the research of relevance between higher education and literary innovation. Actually, in modern China, there existed close relationship between literary innovation and stipulations of primary and middle schools. The new requirements of such stipulations for language, writing system and teaching content of literature courses nurtured the views toward language and the system and a good many literary topics, and hence helped to stimulate the literary innovation. The topic “Chinese literature” proposed by HU Shi in 1918 was a typical example showing such nurture.