Abstract: In the study of poverty problems, people used to keep the anti-poverty value on the maintenance of social stability and simple provision. The traditional anti-poverty theories lack humanistic care, cultural and spiritual aid. Accordingly, to solve the poverty problems in Liangshan Yi area, we have to give people both material and spiritual aid, control the birth rate, strengthen manpower resource and guide Yi people to refine themselves. Moreover, we should get rid of drugs to prevent AIDS and speed up the establishment of the human-oriented system of social security.