Abstract: In period of socialist construction and opening and reform, the significance of distinguishing the targets of dictatorship lies in that such distinguishing is the premise to carry out the dictatorship effectively. The basis of such conduct is the attitude toward the socialist country and socialist politics. It takes the deprival of the political rights as its standard. And such targets are those criminals who do harm to our nations’ security and damage social order and accordingly are deprived of political rights.