Abstract: By adopting the DEA and the agricultural pannel data of 30 Chinese provinces(or municipalities directly under the central government) gathered from year 2001 to 2008, the TFP growth was put under careful examination. And an examination was also done to investigate the impact of the stocking differences in education capital upon the TFP growth and TFP constitution of each province and a hypothesis test was conducted to test the significance of the impact. The failure of ignoring the differences existing in education capital stocking among provinces will lead to an underestimation of the contributed value brought about by the improvement of the scale efficiency, technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency upon agricultural TFP growth and an overestimation of the contributed value brought about by technical improvement.