现代汉语的“那是”分裂句研究
A Study of Chinese Cleft Sentences with “Na Shi (That Is)”
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摘要: 像"坚持那是一件很困难的事情"这样的句子具有强调特征,从形式上看是一种变式分裂句,从功能上看是一种焦点表达式。"那"指代一个抽象的范畴,"那是X"近于一个固定的结构,类似于英语分裂句常用的"itisX"结构,但既能标记对比焦点也能表达自然焦点。"那是"与普通的"是"字焦点句都是焦点表达式,但受汉语结构特征的制约,使用频率不是很高。Abstract: Sentences like “Insistence, that is (na shi) something quite difficult” have the emphatic feature. It is a kind of cleft sentences formally and it contains a focus functionally. The word “na” refers to an abstract category. The structure “Na shi ” approaches to a set expression. Such structure is similar to the English cleft mode “it is ”. Nonetheless, it can mark the contrastive focus and express the natural one. Both the structure “na shi” and the common “shi” construction are the focus expressions. They are restrained by the Chinese structural features and hence are not used frequently.