Abstract: Belonging is a fundamental human need. Social exclusion can predict aggression, even displaced aggression which provides a new perspective for explaining phenomena such as road rage and retaliatory actions. To explore the effect of social exclusion on displaced aggression in college students, a survey of 630 college students was conducted using the Social Exclusion Scale, Exclusion Perception Scale, Rejection Sensitivity Scale and Displaced Aggression Scale. The results found that social exclusion, exclusion perception, rejection sensitivity, and displaced aggression were significantly and positively correlated. Social exclusion perception played a partial mediating role between the effects of social exclusion and displaced aggression. Rejection sensitivity moderated the effects of social exclusion and exclusion perception on displaced aggression. Therefore, it is necessary to build a social support system integrating families, schools and communities to reduce displaced aggression effectively among college students. College educators should carry out psychological assessments and interventions to enhance students’ sense of belonging, and pay more attention to students with a high level of rejection sensitivity.