Abstract: By constructing the evaluation index system of new urbanization and scientific and technological innovation, the new urbanization and scientific and technological innovation level values of 18 provincial cities in Henan Province from 2013 to 2023 are measured, and the spatio-temporal characteristics and influencing factors of the coupling coordination degree of the two systems are analyzed.The results show that: (1)From 2013 to 2023, the level of new urbanization and scientific and technological innovation in Henan Province increased steadily, but was still low; The high-value areas of new urbanization and scientific and technological innovation are concentrated in Zhengzhou and its surrounding economically developed cities. (2) The coupling coordination degree of new urbanization and scientific and technological innovation in Henan Province increased from mild imbalance to primary coordination stage, but there is still room for optimization;The coupling coordination degree of each city has improved to different degrees, showing a spatial distribution pattern with Zhengzhou as the core. (3)The spatial positive correlation between the coupling coordination degree of new urbanization and scientific and technological innovation is significant, and the local spatial agglomeration characteristics are obvious.(4)The spatio-temporal evolution of coupling coordination degree is influenced by many factors such as government regulation, financial environment, consumption power and industrialization level.