Abstract:
In his
Chayange Tiwu Ji (
Collection of Object-Contemplating Lyrics,
COCL), ZHU Yizun employed a rich variety of tunes for
ci poems. He not only inherited many old tune patterns from the Tang and Song dynasties but also showed a particular preference for unique and rare tunes. To better suit the needs of
yongwu (object-describing) lyrics, he adapted the original themes associated with these tunes and consciously favored those structured primarily with four-
zi, Chinese characters, lines. Additionally, the pervasive use of rhymes with falling-rising tones and falling tones imparts the collection with a uniquely deliberate and mellow lyrical quality. This collection demonstrates ZHU’s broad approach to
ci poems scholarship through its extensive incorporation of tune patterns in the Northern Song Dynasty. Moreover, his adoption of tunes favored by masters of
ci poems in the Song Dynasty highlights his conscious pursuit of skillful excellence in tonal and metrical structure. The historical significance of
COCL’s use of tunes is evident in the practices of later poets. When composing matching lyrics or new works based on its tunes, they largely adhered to ZHU’s original thematic choices. This practice solidified the association of specific tune patterns with
yongwu topics. More importantly, it established the collection’s paradigmatic status in influencing how the poets selected and applied tune patterns for their
ci poems.