Abstract: Based on panel data from 31 provincial-level administrative regions in China, this study employs a comprehensive evaluation model to measure the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of provincial-level digital technology innovation and New Quality Productive Forces (NQPF) development. A coupling coordination model is used to calculate the degree of coupling coordination between the two systems, and a Panel Vector Autoregression (P-VAR) model is applied to explore their dynamic interactive response relationship. The results indicate that: (1) During the study period, the level of digital technology innovation and the development level of NQPF in China showed continuous improvement, with significant inter-provincial differences, overall presenting a spatial pattern of gradient decrease from east to central to west. (2) The overall coupling coordination degree in China rose steadily, progressing from the "on the verge of imbalance" stage in 2017 to the "barely coordinated" stage in 2022. However, high-quality coordinated development has not yet been achieved, with most provinces remaining in the "on the verge of imbalance" stage or below. (3) Both digital technology innovation and NQPF development exhibit positive self-reinforcement mechanisms and inertial growth characteristics. An improvement in the level of digital technology innovation can promote the development of NQPF in the short term, while the development of NQPF has a pronounced lagging effect on enhancing the level of digital technology innovation. This study enriches the research content related to digital technology innovation and NQPF, aiming to provide a scientific reference for promoting the technological revolution and high-quality economic development.