Abstract: In order to explore the longitudinal relationship between perception of interparental conflicts and academic achievement,565 junior high school students were surveyed with children’s perception of interparental conflict scale,self-esteem scale,positive psychological capital scale,academic achievement scale. Perception of interparental conflicts and self-esteem were assessed at Time 1,and positive psychological capital as well as academic achievement were measured at Time 2.It is found that:(1)There were significant correlations among perception of interparental conflicts, self-esteem, positive psychological capital,and academic achievement .Additionally, the perception of interparental conflicts negatively predicted academic achievement. (2) Self-esteem and positive psychological capital play a mediating role between perception of interparental conflicts and academic achievement, respectively. (3) Self-esteem and positive psychological capital constitute a chain mediation between perception of interparental conflicts and academic achievement.This result reveals the mechanism of academic achievement and has important practical value for improving junior high school students’ academic achievement.