Abstract: Jing’an Army and Anjing Army which are two similarly names but distinct military entities emerged during the Northern Song Dynasty. Research indicates that the Jing’an Army was established as a strategic defense against the Liao of Khitan during the Dynasty of Later Zhou’s Xiande Reign at Liyankou in Shenzhou, Hebei. This military structure then was retained into the Song Dynasty, gradually evolving into a prefecture-level administrative division overseeing civil affairs until its abolition by Emperor Taizong of Song in Yongxi Reign. The Anjing Army, however, was a military title bestowed upon Zizhou (current Santai County in Sichuan Province) after the Song’s conquest of Shu (current Sichuan Province). It underwent several changes, but was continually kept until the late Northern Song. Since post-mid Northern Song Dynasty, these two entities were often confused or incorrectly documented in historical records. Therefore, it necessitates clarification through textual analysis. The confusion arose due to their similar names and their shared decline or abolition since the foundation of Song Dynasty. As a result, errors are frequently found in later historical accounts.