Abstract: Positive empathy is an individual’s understanding and indirect sharing of others’ positive emotions. Negative empathy has long been the main focus of research in the field of empathy, but in recent years, academic studies have shown that positive empathy has differences in emotional effects, cognitive processing, and affective experiences compared to negative empathy, and thus positive empathy has gradually attracted extensive interest from researchers. Further research will contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the characteristics, mechanisms, and effects of positive empathy, and provide theoretical and practical guidance for promoting human well-being and social interaction. By literaturer review of the concept, types, measurements, cognitive neural mechanisms and action mechanisms of positive empathy, it is hoped to work out the prospects for possible future research directions.