Abstract: The Tuojiang River basin is one of the key areas in the construction of Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle and the ecological protective umbrella in the upper Reaches of Yangtze River. It is of great significance to diagnose its landscape ecological risks and to know about its spatial-temporal differentiation characteristics and thus to promote the construction of river basin economic belt and ecological security. Based on the landuse data of 2000, 2010 and 2020, the degree of landscape loss is calculated by landscape disturbance and landscape vulnerability, and the landscape ecological risk evaluation model is constructed, and by use of geostatistical and spatial autocorrelation analysis methods, the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and spatial autocorrelation relationship of ecological risk in the Tuojiang River Basin in the past 20 years are revealed. The results show that:1)The landuse types in the Tuojiang River Basin are primarily cultivated land, forest land and grassland, of which cultivated land is the dominant landscape in the basin and plays a pivotal role in determining the landscape pattern change; 2)From the quantitative point of view, the ecological risk in the basin is at a low risk level, but as the ecological risk index gradually increases, the risk level gradually also goes up, indicating that the overall ecological environment quality in the upper region has somewhat declined; 3)In 2000, 2010 and 2020, the Moran index of global spatial autocorrelation in the basin (Moran's I) was 0.4844, 0.5162 and 0.5336, respectively, and the Moran's index (Moran's I) was positive and showed an upward trend, showing that the spatial correlation was positive and the spatial concentration of ecological risks in the region was on the increase. The above evaluation results can serve as the quantitative reference and decision-making basis for ecological risk prevention, control and ecological environmental protection in the river basin.