Abstract: The problem of left-at-home preschool children has roused wide concern among researchers. In order to under- stand the relationship between the parenting style and the aggressive behavior of left-at-home preschool children, 86 left-at- home preschool children were subjected to a questionnaire survey and observation. The results showed that: (1) left-at-home
preschool children’s parenting style has not got any significant gender differences, the ungovernable and indulgent parenting style has significant grade differences(P< 0. 01), neglecting parenting style has also a significant grade difference(P< 0. 001). (2) there was significant gender difference in terms of hostile attack, tool attack, attack total of left-at-home preschool children(P< 0. 05) , which shows no significant grade difference. (3) the absolute authoritarian, the ungovernablely indul- gent and the neglecting parenting style have a significant correlation with violent behaviors. And parenting style could signifi- cantly predict aggressive behavior. Thus it can be seen that the parenting style has an important influence on the behavior of the left-at-home preschool children.