Abstract: Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties were a self-conscious time for literature and art. During this period, the traditional Chinese aesthetic view came into being. And it has the significance of milestone for the Chinese aesthetics. Known as “the first running handwriting in the world”, A Preface to Orchid Pavilion Collection is the treasure of calligraphy as well as a literary master piece. It showed the beauty of human nature and style of the literati in addition to the life aesthetics and calligraphic aesthetics of this period.