Abstract: In late Qing Dynasty, with the increasing development of the Western learning in the East, both GUO Song-tao and LIANG Qi-chao made comparisons between the Chinese and Western cultures and attempted to make the two fused into each other under the theme of saving our nation. Though they were in different times, they had a lot of similar views concerning both Chinese and Western political and educational thoughts and the improvement of Chinese morality. This gave a great impetus to the comparison between the two cultures and to the social innovation. The content of their contrast between the two cultures showed the tendency from superficial to deep. And their methods were from simple to abundant. This has reflected the evolution of contrast between the Chinese and Western cultures and social innovations in modern China.