Abstract: In the theory of international relations oriented by structural realism, the protection of power and the balanced politics that is closely related to it is one of the most fundamental questions. The Waltz’s and Mearsheimer’s different analyses and views of the national protection of power lead to two kinds of balanced politic logics. Though there exist some differences between the two persons’ analyses, their attention to the balanced rules tell us that the balanced politics is not outdated in the 21st century. As a big nation which will rapidly grow into a “comprehensive superpower”, China has to know clearly the balanced rules in the international politics and lay out the comprehensive and scientific strategic Sino-American relations in order not to be the sacrifice of such rule.