Abstract: In the era of big data and the context of comprehensively forging ahead the construction of "new engineering courses, new agriculture courses, new medical courses, new liberal arts", in order to put into practice the educational philosophy of "student-centeredness, output-orientation and continuous improvement" and comprehensively improve the teaching effect of the course of probability theory and mathematical statistics, the teaching group of this course in Neijiang normal university conducted a practical exploration of the teaching reform of this course from the three perspectives of ideological and political education, learning-centered philosophy and innovative-ability-based orientation. The teaching practice shows that the teaching reform and innovation practice of the probability and statistics course improves classroom activity and academic challenge, strengthens students' independent thinking and independent learning ability, fosters students' innovation consciousness and improves students' innovative practice ability, so as to lay a sound foundation for their study of subsequent professional courses.