Abstract: The amount of back gardens of Bashu prefecture state offices of Song Dynasties is very large, and they are scattering vastly. As an important part of prefecture state offices, such gardens' spatial distribution is closely related with site selection of the prefecture state offices and the municipal planning and overall arrangement. In the terms of garden architecture, we can find pavilions and cabinets of buildings in addition to halls and verandas. They are harmonious with the relevant environment and have formed the abundant spatial patterns. These gardens have diversified functions of recreation and are endowed with thick political atmosphere. Further, they pay attention to the construction of landscapes. The class of literati and officialdom exerted great influence on their aesthetic taste and artistic styles.