Abstract: Henneguya zikawiensis Sikama 1938, collected from Poyang Lake, Jiangxi province, were used to conduct a morphological and molecular study. It was found that the valve view takes the shape of an obovate and the frontal view a spindle. Its spores are 11.4 μm ± 0.94 μm(10.0 ～ 14.0)μm long, and 8.46 μm± 0.45 μm(8.0 ～10.0)μm wide and 7.3 μm± 0.64 μm(7.0 ～ 8.0)μm thick, and each has two polar capsules 4.68 μm± 0.43 μm(4.0 ～ 5.5)μm in length and 3.30 μm± 0.34 μm(2.5 ～ 4.0)μm in width with the polar filaments coiling 4 or 5 turns. Analyses of molecular phylogeny, genetic distance, variable site based on 18S rDNA indicated that the species(GenBank accession number:KR020026)in the present study is the same species toHenneguya sp. WB-LZH(GenBank accession number:JQ690355)which has no specific name in the GenBank data base. Additionally, the species of Henneguya can not be separated from species of Myxobolus in the phylogenetic analysis. This phenomenon combining the morphological comparison could further prove that urogomphus is not an effective proof for the classification of myxosporeans.